The Civil War Of Slavery - 1699 Words

In the 1800s the Institution of Slavery became very dominant in the United States, but mainly in the South. Due to the climate and their type of economy, their agriculture productions required a great amount of labor that was performed by the slaves. In the south, â€Å"slavery was key to the way of life†1 the majority of the south relied on the slaves to do all of the hard work for them and maximize the profit of their owners. The northern states however had a different type of economy and did not require the work of slaves to maintain their style of living. Their climate as well did not allow them to have an agricultural based economy, the soil in the north was not fertile and the growing season was not long enough for them to have a dominant†¦show more content†¦Through the religious awakening the southerners were supportive of the majority of the changes the evangelical leaders proposed however they did not follow the personal convergence. The northerners did cont inue with this convergence and were able to recognize the wrongs of the south. This convergence had a great impact on women who sought to create a perfect society. In order to do this they became active in reform movements known as Antebellum Reforms which occurred before the civil war. â€Å"The Antebellum movements focused on helping people who couldn’t help themselves like the African American slaves in the south.†1 These movements began in the north and used two reform strategies. The reform strategies â€Å"focused on improving individual behaviors which was known as moral suasion, as well as using political action which focused on outlawing the behabiors.†1 This was the beginning of the tension between the north and the south because the south were unwilling to give up their style of living which included the ownership of slaves. As slavery continued to dominant the south and evolve over the years, the slaves themselves began to attack the slavery system t hey were a part of against their own will. Southerners as well had concerns of slave revolts that could possibly occur at any given moment. This

The Origin Of Language Essay - 1541 Words

There has been considerable historical discourse over the nature of language. Most contend that thought and language are two interrelated criteria. Just how these criteria relate to the controversy over whether animals have language capabilities and even more specifically to the Sapir-Whorf human language thought debate, however, is not always clear. From a human context we know that language is a skill which allows us to communicate our thoughts to others and in so doing to attain desired quot;biological, cognitive, and social/behavioral feedbackquot; (McDonnell, 1977). The question as to whether language is a skill that human beings are born with or whether it is a skill that is acquired is a complex one and not one in which all†¦show more content†¦They believe that the quot;baby talkquot; uttered by infants is simply a precursor to actual language and that both quot;baby talkquot; and the ability to translate ones thoughts into language is one which is part of the human genetic blueprint (McConnell, 1977). If the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis were accurate, therefore, human conceptualization would be limited to the words which we were born understanding. We know that this is not the case. We can demonstrate this inaccuracy with a brief look at the animal language controversy which rages on in many circles. While it is agreed in most cases that humans have the genetic blueprint for language, it is not always agreed that animals have this same blueprint. Most researchers recognize that human infants can distinguish between various sounds in human speech at a very early age. According to psychologist Patricia Kuhl at the University of Washington, for example, infants can distinguish between each of the 150 universal components of human speech (Grunwald, Goldberg, and Be; 1993). It could be contended that, while they may not have the same range of sound recognition, young animals also associate various sounds emitted by their species as having particular associations. One has to only observe the interactions between a family pet and their offspring to be cognizant of this fact. Indeed, animals quickly learn to recognize the meaning of various humanShow MoreRelatedVernacular Language Origins995 Words   |  4 PagesOrigins of the Vernacular Language Bradlee Melton American InterContinental University Abstract Until the sixteenth century Latin was known as the official language during the Middle Ages. 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Perfume Market in China Free Essays

Strategy for UNIQLO in India Class: Global Strategy – Optimizing your Global Footprint Professor: Mark Roeske Students: Hidenobu Hayakawa Nagasaka Sohta Nguyen Thanh Thi Phuong Waseda Summer Intensive , August 2012 Final Report Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA CONTENTS Executive Summary PART I/ UNIQLO and Apparel Industry – Overview of UNIQLO business – Apparel Industry: Value Chain Key Success Factors PART II/ Environmental Analysis – PEST analysis for India – 5 Forces analysis for Apparel industry in India – SWOT analysis for UNIQLO’s entering into India PART III/ Strategy Formation – Entry Strategy: Entry Mode – Expansion Strategy: 3 Phases – Implementation Plan: 4P, AAA Conclusion Reference Appendix 2 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Japan is famous for innovation and high-tech manufacturing industries but not for fashion. However, this fact should be reconsidered since the brand UNIQLO, a true Japanese fashion brand, now can be found in the biggest cities of the world from world-class shopping malls like Ginza (Tokyo), Fifth Avenue (New York) to the streets of Shanghai and Malaysia. UNIQLO is the main brand of Fast Retailing Co. We will write a custom essay sample on Perfume Market in China or any similar topic only for you Order Now , Ltd (see Appendix 1 for Corporate Profile), the largest producer in apparel retailing industry in Japan and ranks the fourth in the world (after ZARA, HM and GAP). Mr. Tadashi Yanai, the founder a nd current CEO of Fast Retailing (FR) used to be the richest man in Japan. In this report, we develop the strategy to bring UNIQLO to the world second largest population, India. The reasons why we choose this plan can be explained briefly as following. Fast Retailing aims at becoming the number one apparel retailer in the world by 2020. In order to achieve this ambitious vision, they need to boost up sales from other markets other than depending only on the already-saturated Japanese market. First venturing into international markets in 2001, UNIQLO now has worldwide operations, including in the U. K. , China, Hong Kong, South Korea, the United States, France, Singapore, Russia, Taiwan and Malaysia. There are very few big economies in the world that UNIQLO has not touched, which includes India. The reason for choosing India as the next destination of UNIQLO brand is mainly because of the attraction of India itself with a big population and rising GDP growth as well as an warm-welcome legal environment for foreign investment. About the structure of this report, we divide in three different parts. The first one will give an overview of UNIQLO brand, its position versa other world-top apparel brands. This part also explains the value chain of apparel industry focusing on SPA model and its relevant key success factors. The second part provides an in-depth but compact environmental analysis of India n general and its apparel industry. Based on the country and industry analysis, a summary of external and internal factors affectin g the introduction of UNIQLO brand into India is shown in the SWOT analysis. The last but most important 3 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA part of the report focuses on forming the entry strategy as well as expansion strategy for UNIQLO in Ind ian market. The main data source for this report is the FR’s latest annual report for fiscal year ended August 31, 2011 as well as information available on reliable websites, which are shown in the Reference. PART I/ UNIQLO and Japanese Apparel Industry UNIQLO of Fast Retailing â€Å"Changing the World with Truly Great Clothing† is the motto of Fast Retailing which show s the corporation’s spirit, vision and strategy. The specialty retailer UNIQLO, the Group’s mainstay operation, has enjoyed strong growth by offering high-quality casual wear at reasonable prices based on its SPA (Specialty store retailer of Private label Apparel) business model, which spans product design, manufacture, distribution and retail. UNIQLO’s products range from denim, cashmere, knitwear underwear to men women jeans, trousers, shorts, shirts and t-shirts. The first UNIQLO store opened in 1984 and as mentioned above, UNIQLO now has operations in U. K. , China, Hong Kong, South Korea, the United States, France, Singapore, Russia, Taiwan and Malaysia. In 2011, th ey opened global flagship stores in Taipei, Seoul and on New York’s prestigious Fifth Avenue, as part of plans to grow business worldwide. At the end of fiscal 2011, they had 843 stores in Japan and 181 stores in other markets. Their breakthrough products include HEAT-TECH inner wear line, Ultra Light Down jackets and Cool biz line. In Japan, UNIQLO is the nation’s largest apparel retailer, with a 5. % 1 share of the 10. 7 trillion yen Japanese apparel market, and 843 stores nationwide at the end of fiscal 20 11. In fiscal 2011, sales increased 28. 7% year on year to 93. 7 billion yen and operating profit grew 40. 6% to 8. 9 billion yen. While this is still only a small amount compared to UNIQLO Japan’s sales of 600. 1 billion yen, UNIQLO internationalâ€⠄¢s operations in Asia are providing highly profitable. The total number of UNIQLO International stores stood at 181 at the end of August 2011. They plan to add another 107 to boost the total to 288 stores by the end of August 2012. Fast Retailing’s Annual Report 2011 4 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA The chart below envisions the breakdown of UNIQLO sales in the future: (Source: Annual report yearend 2011, Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd) Apparel Industry The following chart shows the current ranking of major global SPAs in the apparel world (Source: Annual report yearend 2011, Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd) SPA business model incorporates the entire clothes-making process from procurement of materials, product planning, development and manufacture through distribution and retail to inventory management. To ensure the development of products of exceptional quality, UNIQLO has refined its SPA business model to control the entire business process (see UNIQLO business model in Appendix 2). UNIQLO successfully differentiates itself from other companies by developing unique products and minimize store operation cost. This model is described in the flow of supply and key success factors are identified as below: ?1) Product Planning Key Success Factor: Product development based on customer feedback. Market-Out is a one of key driver for UNIQULO to attract consumer where their preference are diversified. Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA ?2) Raw material Purchase Key Success Factor: Material procurement from around the world. The UNIQLO Material Development Team is able to procure high-quality materials at low costs through direct negotiations with and bulk purchases from material manufacturers globally. ?3) Production Key Success Factor: a) Expert technical guidance at factories em phasizes quality in order to produce millions of products of standardized quality. b) Flexible to produce in small unit(lot) ? 4) Sales Marketing Key Success Factor: Flagship Stores Boosts the Brand UNIQLO is seeking to build its brand through its network of global flagship stores. Global flagship stores serve as hubs to get out the UNIQLO message, and concept of high-quality basics, while showcasing what sets UNIQLO apart from competitors such as HM, Zara or Gap. PART II/ Environmental Analysis 1/ PEST analysis for India India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. Its population is around 1. 2 billion, second largest after China. In term of the ease of doing business, India ranks 132nd, even worse than Pakistan (105th). ? Political factor: About its political system, India is the world’s most populous democracy with a parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. However, India ranks 95th over 185 countries in term of corruption rate and the corporation tax is really high at 40%. The law was changed in 2011 and it allows foreign companies to have wholly own subsidiary. Although tax and corruption are negative points, there are lots of positive points as the current Prime Minister, Manmohan Singh, promised to bring more transparency in work of public servant and create no barriers to investment in India ? Potential impact to UNIQLO: It is an ideal timing for UQNILO to go to India now because from 24th November 2011, Indian government allowed a foreign company to have its wholly-own subsidiary of retailer. However, it needs to pay attention to potential legal risks from Indian inflexible Labor Law, for 6 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA example, practically impossible to fire someone in India, requiring payment of annual bonuses even if the company wasn’t profitable, high compensation for workers that suffer injury/death on site of employment and trend of getting stringent on working condition and minimum wage law enforcement. Economic factor: India is a rapidly rising power. Its GDP growth rate is impressively high (2009: 8. 24%, 2010: 9. 55%, 2011: 6. 86%). In term of nominal GDP, it ranks 11th in the world. Nevertheless, GDP per capita is very low compared to the other BRIC countries ($1,389, 140th ranking). India contains the largest concentration of people living below the World Bank’s international poverty line of US$1. 25 per day. Inflation rate is very high of 11. 99% in 2010 and 8. 63% in 2011. As for apparel industry, the total market capitalization is expected to increase from US$32. billion in 2009 to US$57 billion in 2015. ?Potential impact to UNIQLO: consumer’s demand is increasing more and more in the future. Therefore, Indian apparel market creates a huge chance for UNIQLO. However, India is too big to deal with as a one country, so that cities are important to define business strategy. The first targeted destination should be Mumbai, which is the biggest city in population (12. 5 mil people) and its density (20,694/km2) is four times higher than Tokyo (5,541/km2). It is absolutely a very promising business because there is no tariff to clothing between Japan and India from 2010. Social factors: Population growth rate is 1. 4% per year and India is expected to reach 1. 4 billion in 2030. The literacy rate is about 74 . 04% (2011) and there are more than 90 million English speakers. This population is divided in the following age structure: 0-14 years: 31. 8%, 15-64 years: 63. 1% and 65 years and above: 5. 1%. Their lands are fertile and very good for agriculture. The weather is various in locations and there are summer and winter and raining seasons. ?Potential impact to UNIQLO: UNIQLO should make unique comfortable products suitable for various climates. Although India provides cheap labor cost, the deviation in salary base in India is very large, 2-3 times difference by education and 20-30 times difference for professionals. Another important factor for consideration is related to the labor union in India. There are about 8,000 Labor Unions and they are very active. 7 Final Report ? [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA Technology factors: India is well-known as the land of IT outsourcing, so the infrastructure as well as transport and communication should be good. Nevertheless, there are more and more blackouts recently. As for textile, India is a big textile producer as being the largest producer of Jute, Cotton, Silk, Cellulosic and Synthetic fiber/Yarn. ?Potential impact to UNIQLO: in the long run, UNIQLO should make its own products in India to take the advantage of cheap raw material and low-paid labor sources. However, they now need to build up their distribution from the scratch. 2/ 5 Forces analysis for apparel industry of India In general, the PEST analysis shows favorable results to the business plan of introducing UNIQLO brand in India. In order to form the entry mode as well as competition strategy for UNIQLO, an in-depth understanding of current apparel industry of India is needed. The 5 forces model of Porter is applied to identify involving forces of this industry and details are shown below: ? Threat of new entrants: High Barrier to new entrant into apparel industry is low because there are no restrictions and the current Indian government shows warm welcome to foreign investment. On the other hand, â€Å"Functional Fiber’’ could lose its uniqueness and distinctiveness by products from other apparel companies. For example, Private brand from Chemical companies (like Du Pont Company) could be our rival in this category. ? Bargaining power of suppliers: Low As the main raw materials are â€Å"Cotton and Functional fiber’’ and cotton is commodity, UNIQLO can find the cotton source from various suppliers in and outside the country. More importantly, UNIQLO has a strong sourcing of functional fiber from Toray, its strategic partner. They have had a good corpo ration on global base under a long-term contract. Finally, access to distribution channels is not limited and retailers provide shelf-space when they receive listing fees here in India. Bargaining power of buyer: Medium There is no switching cost for buyers. Most of the POS (Point of sales) are PAPAMAMA shop but they are small in size and not able to exercise buying power. However, due to the regulation change in 2010 8 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA with regard to the field of retailer, quantity of mass–r etailers has been increasing at urban area, making buyer bargaining power stronger. Consumer spending on fashion products has grown at 7. 1% annually from 2002 through 2010. There is a rising affluence which helps to increase brand awareness among Indian consumers. Indian is among the most brand conscious countries in the world (according to the â€Å"Nielsen Global Luxury Brands Study†). Indian often spend around 100$ on an average for apparel. To them, the most important factor is the look and feel of the product and price is also another important factor. Therefore, UNIQLO should market itself as the highly functional and innovative clothing brand from Japan to be sold at reasonable price. ? Threat of substitute products of service: High The substitutes are various from price, quality to brand as well as ease of access to customers. Local apparel manufacturers have consolidated in group and they are strong at low-cost operation. Still people have preference in local style outfit (their traditional custom: sari). ? Rivalry of competition: High India is considered an attractive market for luxury brands, about 50 premium and luxury brands, including Zara, GAP, Tommy Hilfiger, Guess, Benetton, Levi’s etc, have opened stores in India in recent years. Direct competitors of SPAs like UNIQLO (GAP and Zara) have been doing business in India and they have solid portions of market share in the non-functional category. Rivalry among existing companies is fierce. Regarding strengths and weaknesses of current competitors, Zara’s strength lies in its ability to quickly bring the latest designs to its stores while Levi’s and Benetton strengths are in their supply chains as they have been in India for more than 10 years. Shopper’s stop and Provogue are local players and they are available in more locations of customer attraction. However, current competitors also have weaknesses like: due to fewer seasonal variations, driving new fashions every season hasn’t been easy for them. Except Benetton, most of other brands do not offer traditional (embroidery) and colorful stuff, which Indians prefer more. Some of the competitors do not have good distribution infrastructure. In brief, the market in India is still in its early ages and is growing at a high rate. A lot of other premium brands are planning to open their stores in India soon. Market size is big especially in its tier-1 three most populous cities namely Mumbai, New Delhi and Bangalore (more than 30 million people in total). 9 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA UNIQLO targets customers of all ages and genders, but in its first bricks, it should focus on customer aging from 15-64 and who is more brand conscious. The targeted customers should earn more than $100 dollars per month to afford UNIQLO products. 3/ SWOT analysis for UNIQLO in India The overview of UNIQLO business and the results of PEST and 5 forces analysis help us recognize the external factors and internal factors affecting to the investment decision and strategy formation of UNIQLO in India. All important factors are summarized in the SWOT frameworks below: Strengths Weakness – High quality, functional products for wide range of customer and to be sold at – UNIQLO originally had image of cheap clothes for everybody with basic designs Japanese culture is still the core value of FR reasonable price – Being famous for innovative products back up by Japan technology innovation while Indian working culture is very much different. – Having strategic cooperation with suppliers (TORAY) – Shortage of global human resources due to the language barriers. – Having strong global footprint – L ack of well-established distribution network – Good SCM with SPA model – The financial status is very healthy Opportunities Threats – Increasing demand of functional products with high-tech and innovative materials in government welcomes oreign investment (apparel) – High Yen – Increase of purchasing power and brand consciousness in India price for market share. – Instability of consumption tax and regulations the second populous world. – Indian – Strong competition which may cause a war of – Different wear behavior of targeted customers and poor access to shopping centers – The global economic downturn and Indian slow GDP growth – Social matters (labor union, war with Afghan, security risk, market exit) – High rental at shopping mall 10 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA PART III/ Strategy Formation 1/ Strategy Based on environmental analysis as well as strengths and weaknesses of UNIQLO, following is the suggested strategies for UNIQLO upon entering into India. Vision: Becoming the number one lifestyle apparel SPA in India in next 10 years. ? Value Positioning: highly functional clothes selling at middle to high price ? Competitive strategy: Differentiation by innovative product and aiming to be creator of new clothe types (ex: HEAT-TECH or Ultra Light Down Jacket lines) ? Targeted segmentation: Customer aging from 15 to 64 years old of both genders, belonging to the social classes having medium and high-income, living in urban area. Entry mode: first entering as a wholly-own subsidiary of Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd and later expand the store networks through alliance with strategic retailers or franchising/licensing models. UNIQLO had very successful business results with the wholly-own branch model in other countries like China, US and EU, which should be an advantage for them in India. ? Expansion Strategy: Phase-based model Phase 1 (Year 1 – Year 2) Market penetration Brand and Network building Target: Having piloted 5 big-sized stores in the five most condensed shopping malls of Mumbai (5 stores) Phase 2 (Year 3- Year 5) Brand building Regional expansion Target: Having 10 stores in malls of 4 big cities: Mumbai, Delhi, new Delhi and Bangalore (40 stores) Phase 3 (Year 6 ~ Year 10) Brand strengthening National expansion Target: Building the first flagship store in Mumbai and having in total 100 stores nation-wide (1 flagship and 100 stores) 2/ Implementation plan: To realize the above strategy, 4P marketing framework has been applied and details are shown in the table below: 11 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA Products Place – Phase 1: emphasize functional inner wear – Phase 1: start from big-sized stores in top-tier ine (heat-up and cool-biz types). This makes shopping malls in Mumbai and corporate with Indian more comfortable when combining domestic retailers who are easy to be controlled UNIQLO innerwear with their traditional by UNIQLO. sari. – Phase 2: develop various stores in big and – Phase 2: offer diverse casual apparel small shopping malls in top 4 bi ggest cities products of vivid designs for men and including Mumbai, Delhi, New Delhi, and women for any occasions. (T-shirt, sleeveless Bangalore. dress, jackets, jeans, etc ) – Phase 3: design styles and develop materials for Indian market to turn UNIQLO as the Phase 3: Open one world-class flagship store in Mumbai and increase the store quantity through franchising or licensing nation-wide. leading lifestyle clothes for domestic people. Price Promotion – Pricing for UNIQLO in India will be based – The store design, furniture, fixtures and music competitors’ pricing in India as well as its are all carefully planned and coordinated to global price strategy. create a shopping experience that reflects – Considering UNIQLO’s unique differentiated products and the income of target customers, the price will range from medium to high. global UNIQLO’s brand concept. Marketing strategy will emphasize on the senses to inspire the aspiration l ifestyles as – The possibility of lowering price of some Unique Clothing via strong investment in products is high because GPD per capita of advertising on TVs, journalism and on-line India is still very low compared to other websites. Discounts at weekends and special BRICs. ceremonies will be applied to boost the sales. Moreover, India is a totally different market compared to its home Japan in term of culture, religion and politics. Therefore, in order to win in this market, UNIQLO must follow the triple A strategy for its global operation and planning. Adaptation: India is very big and varies in climate, tribes, religion and tradition. Therefore, UNIQLO has to provide diverse products adapting to wear behavior of localities . For example, in Mumbai, where UNIQLO aims to open first stores, is very hot so UNIQLO’s high -tech dry T-shirt would be ideal. At the very end, UNIQLO should provide the specific design and fabric exclusively for India (ex: embroidery products with vivid color). By adapting the firm’s products and services to the local 12 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA context, it can boost revenues and market share. ? Aggregation: India’s population is 10 times than Japan and this market is getting bigger and bigger. Therefore, if UNIQLO makes a big success in Indian market, they would get the benefits of economy of scale by turning India into regional or even global operation of UNIQLO. Although they now have a production factory in Sri Lanka, India is a very much bigger market connecting to the Asian sub continent. In the future, all development, production and marketing can be grouped in India as the regional operations headquarter. ? Arbitrage: India has a big apparel cluster and cheap labor force. On the other hand, now in China, where 80% productions of UNIQLO products are there, labor wage is increasing rapidly. If UNIQLO decided to go to India, they can move factories from China to India to reduce to cost burden as well as avoid the threat of intense political conflict between China and Japan. CONCLUSION UNIQLO aims to create apparel MADE FOR ALL, offering the elements of style in clothes that suit diverse values of customers. Therefore, although India is diverse in term of culture and shopping behavior, in the one-world one-market era, UNIQLO has a big chance. According to us, short-term goal for UNIQLO is to set up profitable business model and increase brand awareness. Long-term goal is to be a leading lifestyle brand in India. Starting from high-profile shopping centers, then flagship stores but eventually UNIQLO would become popular functional casual clothing that its shops can be found in every cities of India. As for organization and operation, to meet up with the huge demand of labor force in the future, we suggest UNIQLO to recruit and train university graduates in India in the same way as in Japan (either in India or Japan). The fresh approach to staff training will facilitate aggressive new stores openings in India later. Finally, regarding the corporate culture, in order to avoid cultural conflicts as well as to preserve UNIQLO’s Japanese Core Values amid Globalization, (UNIQLO is a company born and bred in Japan), they should balance and integrate its Japanese DNA and Indian DNA to feature itself as a new type of Japanese-originated global corporation. 13 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA REFERENCE 1/ Note on Globalization and Strategy http://www. iese. edu/en/files/AR-Apuntes9. pdf 2/ Fast Retailing Latest Annual Report 2011 http://www. astretailing. com/eng/ir/library/annual. html 3/ Other websites: http://www. jetro. go. jp/world/asia/in/biznews/4ed43b5b0cb20 http://www. jetro. go. jp/world/asia/in/invest_04/ http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Corruption_Perceptions_Index http://ja. wikipedia. org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89 http://www. google. co. jp/publicdata/explore? ds=d5bncpp jof8f9_=ny_gdp_mktp_kd_zg m=country:IND=ja=ja=%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89gdp%E6%88%90%E9%95 %B7%E7%8E%87) http://ja. wikipedia. org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89) http://www. google. co. jp/url? sa=t=j==s=web=1=0CGAQFjAA =http%3A%2F%2Fcsi. ckinsey. com%2F~%2Fmedia%2FExtranets%2FConsumer%2520Shopper%252 0Insights%2FReports%2FIndias_fast_growing_apparel_market. ashx=LtM0UN7mGIb4mAWmwoG YCQ=AFQjCNE5VELIQ-B385iwXw_VnAjkCscOCw=rXzMNQp0szM7wLXWKzPqXQ http://ja. wikipedia. org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89 http://ecodb. net/country/IN/imf_inflation. html#pcpipch http://www. meti. go. jp/policy/trade_policy/epa/country/pdf/india0408. pdf http://www. google. co. jp/url? sa=t=j==s=web=1=0CGAQFjAA =http%3A%2F%2Fcsi. mckinsey. com%2F~%2Fmedia%2FExtranets%2FConsumer%2520Shopper%252 0Insights%2FReports%2FIndias_fast_growing_apparel_market. shx=LtM0UN7mGIb4mAWmwoG YCQ=AFQjCNE5VELIQ-B385iwXw_VnAjkCscOCw=rXzMNQp0szM7wLXWKzPqXQ http://www. indexmundi. com/india/age_structure. ht 14 Final Report [STRATEGY FOR UNIQLO IN INDIA APPENDIX Appendix 1: Fast Retailing Corporation Profile Index Figure Country Japan Found year 1963 Sales( billion) 820. 35(2011. 8) Net profit( billion) 54. 35 Total assets( billion) 533. 78 ROE(%) 18. 1 Market value (() 14,742 Stores 2088 (10 countries) Employees (full-time) 14,612 Region sales rate 73(Japan):27(Oversea) (Source: Annual report yearend 2011, Fast Retailing Co. , Ltd) 15 How to cite Perfume Market in China, Essay examples

Honor Definition and Lists Public Regard free essay sample

People generally do not seem to behave very well toward each other any more. Honor determines the hierarchy of an individual while revealing his loyalty and true intentions. Reward comes for those at the top whose honor does not diminish, while a false or fleeting honor of a lesser mortal causes destruction. Exploring and discussing how to act honorably toward each other is a place to start. The greatest way to live with honor in this world is to be what we pretend to be. How can you be a person of integrity? First, figure out what integrity (honor) is.My mother used to say to treat others the way you wanted to be treated. Does anyone do that these days? Well, I know that I dont want to be cut off in traffic, or yelled at, or bumped into rudely at the grocery store, or left picking up garbage all over my yard from the street. We will write a custom essay sample on Honor: Definition and Lists Public Regard or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So I could try not to do those things to other people. I wont cut off others in traffic, or yell, or act rude at the grocery store, or throw garbage in the street. Thats Just a place to start. Treat others the way you want to be treated. Honor isnt about making the right choices.Its about dealing with the consequences. You have a hard decision to make. You took an action at work that really messed things up. No one knows you did it, and you do feel terrible about it. Do you tell anyone? Well, is anyone else going to be blamed or harmed because of what you did? If so, shouldnt you fess up? Otherwise someone else will take the blame for your action. Would you like that to happen to you? To be blamed for something someone else messed up? An honorable person faces their errors straight on, knowing that there are consequences for every action.My mother used to say, if you spilled the milk, you clean It up. In a very simple way, she was teaching me how to deal with my own responsibilities, actions and consequences. Honor: Definition and Lists Public Regard By legion respect mingled with love, devotion. There is a priceless respect that everyone in the world possesses, and that is the. Respect of a person? s honor. A person? s honor is something that can not be bought, sold,. Or traded it? s something that must be gained by the respect of your peers. An example of. How honor is seen in everyday fife in through a persons word.The standard dictionary definition of honor first lists justice and responsibility appearing much further down the list. This is reflected in the way the modern world treats the issue of honor. In ancient times, honor was the manner of being that we now describe as having integrity. In plain language, an wanted to be treated. Does anyone do that these days? Well, I know that I dont want used to say, if you spilled the milk, you clean it up. In a very simple way, she was teaching me how to deal with my own responsibilities, actions and consequences.

Accountability and outcome in the counseling profession

Accountability and outcome in the counseling profession A Client plays a crucial role in determining the outcomes of a therapy program. A counselor and a client must establish a good partnership in order to obtain the necessary information regarding client’s problems. The client should be actively involved in a decision making process when it comes to the choice of his/her therapy.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Accountability and outcome in the counseling profession specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, a counselor should take into consideration client’s preferences and include them into a therapy program (Isaacs, 2003). In some cases, a client may require more information regarding therapy program but fail to make decision on the therapy program. Client may influence therapy outcomes by ending the therapy prematurely. He also determines whether he/she will go through the therapy process. Premature termination of therapy occurs when a clie nt stops receiving therapy before attainment of the required goal or objective (Loretta Howard, 2005). The information obtained by a client, either from the internet or the counselor, has impact on the choice of therapy he/she makes. A client involvement in the therapy process will determine the therapy outcome in addition to quality of the treatment choice (Kelly, 1996). Client can ensure the accountability by ensuring that he/she receives quality health services at an appropriate price. He should look for the most qualified and certified counselor to handle his/her condition. It is his jurisdiction to ensure that the medical procedures done to the client follows legal practices, and they apply approved therapeutic model in the therapeutic process (Loretta Howard, 2005). For counselors to be accountable, they should educate their clients so that clients are able to make informed choices on the therapy program. They should educate clients on how to manage their condition and, more important, the need for therapy compliance. They are incharge of client’s health and should take a responsibility (Randall Kelly, 2007). A counselor will determine outcomes of treatment through the aspects of his/her personality and the techniques he applies in the therapy programs. These aspects also determine his skills and his application of counseling models in solving problems. They also impact the outcomes of the therapeutic program (Randall Kelly, 2007).Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The information counselor gives to a client influences the type of therapeutic plan the client will choose. A more researched counselor will direct client on making an appropriate therapy choice. In addition, counselor’s relation with the client will determine patients transference (Kelly, 1996). He should create trustful environment for client to hav e confidence of him and be able to communicate freely in order to facilitate counselor’s exploration on client’s problem. Also, client’s attitude towards counseling affects the therapy outcome. In cases of stigma associated with seeking for a therapy, it can force a client to avoid the seeking therapy (Isaacs, 2003). A counselor should promote accountability by informing client on the purpose of the therapy process. He/she should orientate client to therapy process and engage him through the process. For a counselor, it is crucial to approach this process with honesty and responsibility in order to foster client’s trust in the therapy process and promote compliance (Randall Kelly, 2007). Collaboration between client and counselor promotes accountability; this collaboration may include client’s relatives and third party payers. It clearly bridges the gap between the parties. It also gives a room for collaborative problem solving and provision of cl ients with services from other care providers. Therapy program acceptance by both parties is an indicator of its success and reasonability. Third party payers have a role of funding and reimbursement of client’s bill. The significance of a client’s needs assessment is to promote his health through initiating change. After the needs assessment, the counselor determines the unmet needs and puts in place plans for improvement. He has to prioritize them and strategize on how he is going to meet them (Kelly, 1996). The significance for program evaluation is to determine if the objectives are met and if a program is within the laid time limit. It seeks to identify what working right for the client. It also establishes if the client is benefiting from the program and satisfied. It determines the effectiveness of the program. It also gives trust to the relatives and stakeholders on the program progress. It gives the counselor a basis for planning on future according to the ach ievement attained. Accountability is necessary to provide a stakeholder, as well as other members of supervising authorities with the necessary evidences about appropriate work of the counseling services. It provides connection between counseling practices and service impact.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Accountability and outcome in the counseling profession specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Program evaluation helps counselors improve the effectiveness of service provision by care systemic examination methodologies and outcomes. In addition, it helps counselor to plan and implement counseling practice. It is also undertaken to improve counseling service and provide justification for existing program (Randall Kelly, 2007). Research is crucial for counselors when addressing the increased attention on accountability and evaluation based practices. As an educator, a counselor requires research and evaluatio n skills in order to train other counselors. Research enhances their clinical preparation of the upcoming counselors through equipping them with supervised experience in evaluation methods. It will also enable them to conceptualize and implement evaluations of counseling program on their own, and consult their fellow counselors. Also, it has impact on development of counseling profession through provision of understanding of counseling program evaluation model and practices (Randall Kelly, 2007). References Isaacs, M. L. (2003). Data-driven decision making: The engine of accountability. Professional school counseling, 6, 288–295. Kelly, K. R. (1996). Looking to the future: Professional identity Development, accountability, and change. Journal of mental health counsel Sexton, 18, 195–199. Loretta, J. B. Howard, B. S. (2005). The American counseling association practice research network (ACA-PRN): A new research tool. Journal of counseling and development, 83, 481-488 . Randall, L. A. Kelly, C.J. (2007). Program evaluation: The accountability bridge model for counselors. Journal for counseling and development, 85, 162-172.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Cultural and Ethnic Studies Essay Writing Guide

Cultural and Ethnic Studies Essay Writing Guide When writing an essay on cultural and ethnic studies, it is essential that you familiarize yourself with the subject matter of the essay, identify the right terminologies to use, and have a holistic approach of what the essay will entail. Professors in colleges give essays to scholars in the course of the school period, which is computed with the rest of the semesters course work. Essays in cultural and ethnic studies seek to achieve a specific purpose. Notably, this can be to argue out a particular point or to explain certain stages needed to complete a task. The scholar should write the essay in a clear and systematic way that allows for the easy flow of ideas, which will reveal a proper understanding of the subject matter. The essay should be precise and should be within the guidelines of the professor as defined in cultural and ethnic studies. In some cases, when writing essays in cultural and ethnic studies, the professor might present you with several topics to choose from wher eas, in other cases, you may be allowed to choose a topic for yourself. In such a case, you need to have an understanding of the way to select an ideal topic for your cultural and ethnic studies essay. However, for your professor to test your understanding of different issues in the subject area, he may decide to give you the topics to write. Writing of an essay might be challenging but this cultural and ethnic studies essay guide will help you write your essay with ease. Selecting a Topic for Cultural and Ethnic Studies: Prompts from Our Experts There are various issues that you should consider when choosing a topic for an essay in cultural and ethnic studies. These things include: Length of the paper: an essay in cultural and ethnic studies should have a basis of writing the paper. The subject area is wide and entails various issues that are intertwined with tradition and the various practices that are undertaken by different ethnic groups. Having a wide variety of cultures, it is advisable for the scholar to first determine the length of the paper as a guide to what topic to write about. Given that most essays are supposed to be brief and precise, it is advisable that the paper should be between five hundred and six hundred words. Therefore, it essential to choose a topic area that is narrow so that the essay is not too long and ensure that it does not have gaps and uncoordinated ideas especially when one tries to squeeze a big topic to a small essay. Topic complexity: it is good that you choose a topic that you can handle; in this case, the topic should be within your understanding. Topics in cultural and ethnic studies essays are complex depending on what level of study one is at; for example, there is a difference in the content that is covered in college, undergraduate or postgraduate studies. To reduce the stress level that can be induced by confusion caused by a given topic that you are not conversant with, chose a topic that you are conversant with; in this case, it should be one that you can write about with a lot of ease. Resource availability: look for all the sources of information on the topic of cultural and ethnic issues. The sources can be primary, secondary, or tertiary sources as long as you obtain the required information on cultural and ethnic issues. This is a crucial area in choosing a topic to ensure that you do not choose a topic that has limited sources of information since it will strain you when searching for the information required to write the paper. Prewriting tips you should consider: writing of an essay in cultural and ethnic studies and any other essay might prove to be a problem since most scholars face difficulty in translating ideas and thoughts into systematic words to write in the essay. Therefore, it is important that you clarify confusing and difficult issues before writing the essay. Planning, brainstorming, clustering, and outlining ideas are among the essential pre-writing cultural and ethnic studies essay tips that will ensure that you write an impressive essay in cultural and ethnic studies. These steps in writing of the essay will make it easy for you to arrange your ideas in a systematic way that will help you write a high-quality essay. The topics for the cultural and ethnic studies essays may include: Discuss the difference between xenocentrism and ethnocentrism. Discuss the different symptoms that are associated with interaction with new cultures. Explore the significance of racial identity. What are the different privileges that the whites had in history and still continue to enjoy. Examine the importance of mentoring the less privileged in the society. Planning: this entails properly writing and clearly stating the various issues in the topic chosen for cultural and ethnic studies. Arguments should have a strong basis and offer correct and reliable reference points. Planning for this paper helps an individual to work fast and know what to work on and at what time to work on it. Brainstorming: brainstorming on the topic chosen will help you to arrange your work in a coherent way and increase your understanding of the subject matter. In this way, you will be able to write the paper easily and connect one idea to another. There will be a good flow of ideas in your essay and this will make it easily understandable and enjoyable to any reader that will come across it. Free writing: this entails converting thoughts and ideas into words on a piece of paper. At this point, punctuations and grammar should be considered. However, it is important to note that when free writing, you are supposed to write the work in a formal language that will only require referencing and editing. Clustering: at this point, you gather your ideas together and arrange them in a way that there will be free flow of ideas. Clustering involves simple mind mapping and allows you to explore how ideas you have developed fit together. You can cluster your ideas through writing your cultural and ethnic studies topic at the center of a blank paper and drawing outer circles that you should complete with ideas on your chosen topic. How to Formulate a Thesis Statement A thesis statement summarizes the claim or main point of the essay. It should inform your intended audience the significance of your cultural and ethnic studies subject matter and provide a roadmap for the entire paper. If the essay is about ancient civilizations the thesis statement should provide an argument showing the impact of the ancient civilizations and offer a way to understand the concept. A thesis statement should: make a disputable claim or interpretation, be written as a single sentence at the end of the instruction segment of the introduction to present the writer’s argument, tell the reader your opinion about the essay and what it will prove, serve as the organizing principle of the essay, direct your audience to the major pieces of evidence you will explore in the paper. The body of the essay should organize information and evidence that convince the reader of the logic of your claim in the thesis statement. The following steps help in developing an appropriate thesis statement. Read and compare sources. Gather and organize information found in books, journals, articles, and online sources on the chosen cultural and ethnic studies topic. Look for relationships between ideas and concepts that constitute the topic and analyze the significance of the established relationships. Draft the thesis and consider the counter-arguments. Draft a statement that presents the basic argument of ideas that result from the analyzed sources, and which you are sure to support with scholarly evidence. Since you are likely to take a stand on one side of the chosen argument and ideas, consider the other side of the argument considering that the counterclaims help in refining the thesis statement. This strategy is more effective when writing an argumentative type of essay. Cultural and Ethnic Studies Essay Outline A cultural and ethnic studies essay may be persuasive, informative, or argumentative. Regardless of the type and purpose, the essay’s structure should be well organized, logical, and clear. The outline should entail: Cover page: the cover page text contains name, course, date, and instructor’s name. Some lecturers prefer essays with a cover page while others insist on the omission of the cover title. The formatting style should also dictate whether or not you should include a cover page. Abstract: the abstract in an essay should be brief but it should describe the essay, its content, and its significance. Similar to the cover page, tutor preferences will indicate whether to include an abstract or not. Introduction: The introduction is the first main part of the essay and should begin with a hook and a statement about the essay’s topic. Elements that characterize the introduction include: a short statement of the essay’s objective, thesis, and questions that the essay will answer, a placement of specific cultural and ethnic studies topics in the broader context but in a way that represents the essay’s arguments, a description of relevant and current literature on the subject of analysis, if necessary, a clarification of terms specific to the cultural and ethnic studies discourse. Body: The body of your essay should present a synthesis of the paper’s research and provide information about the paper’s topic to broaden the reader’s understanding of the issue you are exploring. The structure of the body segment depends on the goal of your essay. Consequently, no permanent conventions dictate aspects that need to be discussed or the manner in which they should be analyzed. Important Elements of the Body Section Divide the body text into segments and subsections that represent main ideas and supporting evidence. Each unique idea or argument should be in its own paragraph. Take note that a paragraph should have a minimum of four sentences. Use the paragraphs and topic sentences to develop your paper’s argument comprehensively and without repetition. Provide evidence for your arguments by quoting existing literature on selected cultural topics pertinent to the essay. If the paper is argumentative, quote certain claims and contrast them with your opinion or disapprove the claims. Do not forget to provide reasons for disapproving a claim. Reference all the analogous and literal text and idea quotations. In cases where further clarification and comments are needed but their inclusion in the text would disrupt the paper’s fluidity, insert the content as footnotes. However, the presence of the footnotes will depend on the essay’s specified writing convention. The composition of your text should be clear and logically comprehensible, and the structure will depend on aspects unique to the chosen cultural and ethnic studies topic. Provide reasons for your idea and criticisms instead of summarizing existing literature and gathering quotations. Moreover, only provide information that is relevant to the understanding of your essay issue. Conclusion: The conclusion should restate your thesis and summarize your main points of evidence for the reader. You should restate the topic briefly and explain why it is important and ensure that it is concise and clear. Restate the thesis statement, but not in the same words that were used in the introduction. Importantly, it should be narrowed and focused on your cultural and ethnic studies topic. Post-Writing Tips Proofread. The essay is not complete until you have proofread to correct grammar, sentence structure, and content errors. While all the errors can be corrected at a go during the first proofreading attempt, it is important to read through the paper twice or thrice to check for specific issues at each period. For instance, go through the paper to check grammatical errors and sentence structure mistakes. On the second reading attempt, read the paper aloud to point out incoherent contents and sentence structures. Furthermore, assess the term paper for content meaning, coherence, and logical flow of ideas and supporting evidence. Finally, ensure the paper is free of nested sentences, passive constructions, and unreferenced content.

George Mason Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

George Mason - Essay Example judge and statesman, a leader in the cause of American rights in opposition to British tyranny, author â€Å"Fairfax Resolves,† (1774), active in work leading up to 1787 Convention which framed U.S. Constitution. He has also been remarkable as he â€Å"did not sign Constitution and opposed ratification due to fear of inadequate limits on Federal power to prevent its becoming tyrannical; urged addition of â€Å"Bill of Rights;† was one of principal slave-owners (including Washington and Jefferson) who deplored existence of slavery and favored abolition, with compensation by government to owners of freed slaves.† (Mason). All these aspects of this great leader were, it seems, not enough to earn him a more respectable position in the pages of American history. A profound analysis of the life and works of Mason makes one recognize the impact of a true social and political leader upon the future of a great nation and this will also indicate the need for reserving a prime position to this influential leader in the unoccupied areas of American history. In this paper, an overview of this great American leader who, all through his life was steered by his belief in the rule of reason as well as in the essentiality of the natural rights of every man is undertaken. This has been significant an attempt in appreciating the natural leadership of Mason in the political and social aspects and recommends for a greater position for him in the American history. It is essential to have a basic awareness about the biography of Mason in order to appreciate the true leadership traits in his character. Thus, it can be seen that George Mason was born at the Mason family plantation at Fairfax Country in Virginia, to George and Ann Thomson Mason in the year 1725. After the death of his father when he was only 10 he was brought up by his uncle, John Mercer and soon he established himself as one of the important figures in his community. Mason married Anne Eilbeck in 1750 and had five children